Switch the superior performance and the decreasing prices, contributed to the rapid popularization of switch. Switch fault network administrator will often encounter a variety in the work, how quickly, find out the fault accurately and troubleshooting? This paper makes a brief introduction on the common faults and troubleshooting steps. Because the switch in the network in a very wide range of applications, from low-end to mid-range, from end
to end, involving almost every level of product, so the switch failure probability than the router, firewall is much higher, which is why we first discuss the classification of switch failure and troubleshooting steps.
1 fault classification of switch :
Can
generally be divided into hardware and software
fault two kinds of switch failure. Hardware failure mainly refers to the fault switch power, backplane, module, port and
other components,can be divided into the following categories.
Because of
the external power supply is not
stable, or power lines aging or lightning causedpower failure or the
fan stops, so does not work. Damage to other components inside the machine frequently happens due to power.
If the panel on the POWER indicator light is green, that is
normal; if the light is off, the switch
is not normal power supply. This kind of problem is very easy to find, is also very easy to solve, but also the most preventable.
In view of this kind of failure, should first do the external power supply, the general to provide
independent power supply through a power line into independent, and add the voltage regulator to avoid the instant high voltage or low voltage phenomenon. If conditions permit, you can add a UPS (uninterruptible power supply) to ensure
the normal power supply switch, some UPSregulator
function, and some not, choose
to pay attention to. The measure
of the lightning protection of
professional settings in the engine room, to avoid damage to the switch of lightning. There are many do lightning
protection engineering Professional
Company, can consider to
implement network wiring.
(2) port
failure:
This is the most common hardware failure, both optical
port or twisted pair RJ-45 port, plug inconnector must be careful. If you accidentally put the
fiber optic plug dirty, may cause fiber portpollution but not normal communication. We often
see a lot of people like electric plugconnector, the theory is possible, but it also inadvertently increased port failure rate. Not carefulin handling, may also cause the port physical
damage. If the first crystal size buy slants big, into the switch, also easy
to destroy the port. In addition, if the
twisted pair is connected to the porthas an exposed outdoors, if this
cable to be struck by lightning, will cause the connected switch port damaged, or cause more unexpected injury.
In general, port fault is one
or several port damage. So, after
exclusion of port connectedcomputer failure, can port connected through the replacement, to determine
whether the damage. Encounter this kind of failure, can be in after the power is turned off, with alcohol cotton ball cleaning port. If the port is damaged, it will only change the port.
(3) module failure:
The switch is composed
of many modules, such as: the stack
module, management module(also
called control module expansion module), etc.. A very small chance these module is in trouble, but if
there is a problem, will suffer huge economic losses. If the plug-in moduleaccidentally, or handling switches by collision, or power
supply is not stable, there may lead tosuch failure.
The 3 module course mentioned above have the
external interface, is easy to identify, and some also can through the indicating lamp on the module to identify the fault. For example: atrapezoidal port a flat stack module, or switch is an
interface similar to USB. Management
module has a CONSOLE port, connection establishment and management for the computer,convenient management. If an extension module is optical
fiber connection, there will be a pair of optical fiber interface.
In the exclusion of such failure, the first to ensure the normal power supply and switch module,then check each module is inserted in the correct position, finally check the connection modulecable is normal. In the connection manager module, consider whether it uses the connectionrate regulations, if there is a parity check, whether the data flow control
etc.. Connectionmodule, need to check whether the matching mode of communication, such as: the use of full duplex or half
duplex mode. Of course, if the confirmation module failure, there is only one solution, that is should immediately contact suppliers to replace.
(4) the
backplane failure
Each module switches are connected
to the backplane. If the environment is wet, damp or shortcircuit
boards, components due to high temperature, lightning strikes and other factors and damage will cause the circuit board can not work normally. For example: the coolingperformance is
not good or the environment temperature is too high causing the temperature inside the
machine increased, instigate burning out of components.
In the
external power supply, if the internal module switches are not working properly, it may beback out, encountered
such a situation even electric appliance repair engineer, would be put in a quandary, the only way is to replace the backplane.
(5) the
cable fault:
In fact, this kind of fault in theory, does not belong to the fault of the switch itself, but in practical use, the cable fault often leads to switch system or port can not work normally, so here is the faultin the switch hardware fault. For example, connector plug is not tight, cable production ordererrors or irregularities, cable should cross line was using the straight line connecting two optical fibers, cables in the cross connection, the wrong line connected to network
loop etc..
From
several hardware failure above, computer room environment can easily lead to a variety
ofhardware failures, so we in the construction of the engine room, you must first make buildinglightningproof
grounding and power supply, the indoor temperature, indoor humidity, anti electromagnetic interference, anti - static environment, provide a good environment for thenormal operation of network equipment.
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